Intrinsic value, in itself, is the inherent worth that something possesses simply by existing, irrespective of its usefulness or benefit to anything else. It is a value that exists in the object itself, for its own sake.
To further elaborate:
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Value "in itself": This indicates that the value doesn't depend on external factors like market price, utility, or popularity. A sunset has intrinsic value because of its beauty and existence, regardless of whether anyone is there to witness it. A rare flower might possess intrinsic value because of its unique genetic makeup.
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"For its own sake": This emphasizes that the entity possessing intrinsic value is valued as an end, not merely as a means to an end. We protect endangered species because we believe their existence is valuable in itself, not just because they might be useful to us for medicinal purposes or tourism.
Think of it this way: something with intrinsic value is deemed worthy of respect, preservation, or protection, simply because it exists. It's an "end-in-itself," to use Kant's terminology, contrasting with instrumental value, where something is valued as a means to achieve something else.
Here's a simple breakdown:
| Feature | Intrinsic Value | Instrumental Value |
|---|---|---|
| Source of Value | Inherent to the object/being itself | Derived from its usefulness or benefit to others |
| Purpose | Valued as an end | Valued as a means to an end |
| Dependence | Independent of external factors | Dependent on external factors |
| Example | The life of a human being, a work of art | Money, a tool |
In summary, intrinsic value represents the inherent worth that an entity holds simply because of what it is, considered independently of its utility or contribution to anything else. It is a value in itself, and for its own sake.
