Zigzag vision is most commonly caused by a visual migraine (also known as an ocular migraine or migraine aura).
Here's a more detailed explanation:
Understanding Visual Migraines and Zigzag Vision
A visual migraine is a temporary disturbance of vision that often presents with distinctive symptoms, including zigzag patterns. These patterns are typically:
- Sparkling or shimmering: The vision disturbance often begins with a bright, flickering light.
- Expanding: The initial spot or shape gradually grows outward from a central point.
- Zigzag edged: The expanding area often has jagged, zig-zag, or saw-tooth edges. This is the characteristic feature that gives the phenomenon its name.
The visual symptoms usually last for approximately 20-30 minutes and then completely resolve, leaving no lasting visual impairment. The visual aura might be followed by a headache, but sometimes the visual symptoms occur without any associated pain.
Other Possible (but Less Common) Causes
While visual migraines are the most frequent cause, other conditions can, in rare cases, contribute to similar visual distortions:
- Retinal Vasospasm: Temporary constriction of blood vessels in the retina.
- Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA): A "mini-stroke" affecting the brain's visual processing centers. Note: This is a serious condition requiring immediate medical attention.
- Certain Medications or Substances: In rare cases, some drugs or toxins can affect vision.
When to Seek Medical Attention
While zigzag vision is often benign and related to visual migraine, it's important to consult a doctor, especially if:
- It's a new symptom.
- The symptoms are severe or frequent.
- You experience other neurological symptoms, such as weakness, numbness, or speech difficulties.
- You have risk factors for stroke or cardiovascular disease.
A medical professional can properly diagnose the cause of your zigzag vision and rule out any serious underlying conditions.
