Burning eyes are often a symptom of irritation or a lack of lubrication (tears). Several factors can cause this uncomfortable sensation.
Common Causes of Burning Eyes
- Dry Eyes: This is a very common cause, resulting from insufficient tear production or tear evaporation. Symptoms often include a stinging, burning, or scratchy feeling. Mayo Clinic describes this as a common complaint.
- Allergies: Seasonal allergies (hay fever) or other allergies can trigger an inflammatory response in the eyes, leading to burning, itching, and redness. Mount Sinai highlights allergies as a frequent cause.
- Infections: Bacterial or viral infections like conjunctivitis ("pink eye") can cause burning, itching, and discharge. COVID-19 can also contribute to conjunctivitis. Mount Sinai, MedlinePlus and American Academy of Ophthalmology list infections as a potential cause.
- Blepharitis: This is an inflammation of the eyelids, often causing burning, itching, and crusting. American Academy of Ophthalmology lists this as one of several possibilities.
- Eye Sunburn: Excessive sun exposure can damage the surface of the eye, leading to burning and discomfort. Medical News Today mentions sun exposure as a possible cause along with fatigue.
- Ocular Rosacea: This condition involves inflammation of the eyelids and surrounding skin, causing burning and redness. Cleveland Clinic mentions this as a possible cause.
- Pterygium: This is a growth of tissue on the white part of the eye that can cause irritation and burning. Cleveland Clinic, American Academy of Ophthalmology include this as a potential cause.
- Environmental Irritants: Dust, smoke, wind, or even dry air can irritate the eyes and cause a burning sensation. All About Vision notes that even clean air can cause irritation.
When to Seek Medical Attention
If your burning eyes are severe, persistent, or accompanied by other symptoms like blurry vision, excessive tearing, or discharge, seek professional medical advice. An ophthalmologist or optometrist can diagnose the underlying cause and recommend appropriate treatment. Many resources state that medical treatment may be needed for persistent issues.
