Glycolic acid is generally considered the strongest alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) commonly used in skincare. Its small molecular size allows for deep penetration and effective exfoliation, stimulating collagen production. However, this also makes it potentially more irritating than other AHAs.
Understanding the Strengths of Different Facial Acids
Several acids are used in facial skincare, each with varying strengths and effects:
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Glycolic Acid: Derived from sugarcane, it's known for its potent exfoliating properties due to its small molecular size. Multiple sources ([1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8]) highlight its strength and effectiveness, although its strength also contributes to potential irritation.
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Lactic Acid: A gentler AHA ([1, 2]) often recommended for sensitive skin. Its larger molecular size compared to glycolic acid leads to less penetration and irritation.
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Other AHAs & BHAs: Various other acids exist, with different strengths and applications. Salicylic acid (BHA) is a common example effective for acne treatment.
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Phenol: Used in medical-grade chemical peels ([10]), Phenol peels are considered the strongest type of chemical peel, providing dramatic results but also carrying higher risks. This is not typically a "face acid" for home use.
It's crucial to remember that "strongest" doesn't automatically equate to "best." The ideal acid for your face depends on your skin type, concerns, and tolerance. Always consult a dermatologist before using any new skincare product, especially stronger acids.
