High testosterone levels, particularly during puberty in males, are associated with distinct facial characteristics resulting from bone growth patterns. These are primarily driven by a high testosterone-to-oestrogen ratio (T/E).
Facial Features Linked to High Testosterone
According to research, a high T/E ratio influences the following facial bone developments:
- Lateral Growth of Cheekbones: This leads to wider and more prominent cheekbones.
- Lateral Growth of Mandibles: The jawbone, or mandible, becomes wider and more defined.
- Lateral Growth of Chin: The chin becomes more pronounced and robust.
- Forward Growth of Eyebrow Ridges: The bony ridges above the eyes become more prominent.
- Lengthening of the Lower Face: The overall length of the lower part of the face increases.
These changes result in a more robust and angular facial shape. The key reference information comes from Farkas (1981) and Enlow (1996). This helps in understanding the mechanism of facial development during puberty and how the hormones play a crucial role in the bone structures.
Summary of Facial Features of High Testosterone
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Cheekbones | Wider and more prominent |
| Mandibles | Wider and more defined jawline |
| Chin | More pronounced and robust |
| Eyebrow Ridges | More prominent bony ridges above the eyes |
| Lower Face Length | Increased length |
| Overall Face Shape | More robust and angular |
In summary, the facial features linked with high testosterone during puberty result in a face that is often perceived as more masculine, due to the increased size and prominence of facial bones.
