Several diseases can cause noticeable changes to the face. These changes can manifest in various ways, from wasting away of tissue to changes in skin color and bone structure.
Diseases Affecting Facial Appearance:
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Parry-Romberg Syndrome: This condition, also known as Romberg syndrome or progressive facial hemiatrophy, causes the tissues on one side of the face to gradually shrink. Over time, this leads to visible asymmetry, with the affected side appearing thinner and smaller than the unaffected side. The soft tissue (muscle and fat) diminishes, facial bones may change shape, and the skin may become thin. [Source: Parry-Romberg syndrome description, Boston Children's Hospital]
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Acromegaly: This hormonal disorder results from excessive growth hormone production by the pituitary gland during adulthood. The excess hormone causes the bones and soft tissues to grow abnormally, leading to characteristic facial changes such as enlargement of the jaw, brow, nose, and hands. [Source: Acromegaly - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic]
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Vitiligo: An autoimmune disease that causes the skin to lose its pigment (melanin). This loss of pigmentation leads to the appearance of white patches on the skin, which can affect the face prominently. [Source: Vitiligo Symptoms, Treatment & Causes | NIAMS; A visual guide to 6 conditions that cause skin discoloration | NIH]
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Scleroderma: This autoimmune disease causes inflammation and thickening (fibrosis) of the skin and other organs. Facial skin changes are common in scleroderma, and often include tightness, hardening, and a mask-like appearance. [Source: What Is Scleroderma? Symptoms & Causes| NIAMS]
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Skin Cancer: Various types of skin cancer can cause noticeable changes to the face, including growths, lesions, discoloration, and ulcers. The appearance will vary depending on the type of skin cancer. [Source: Skin cancer - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic] Early detection is crucial for treatment.
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Cancer Treatments: Some cancer treatments can have side effects that affect the skin and nails, which may manifest in facial changes. These can include skin discoloration, dryness, and thinning. [Source: Skin and Nail Changes and Cancer Treatment - Side Effects - NCI]
It's important to note that this is not an exhaustive list, and many other conditions can affect facial appearance. If you notice any concerning changes to your face, it is crucial to consult a medical professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.
