Uterus atrophy is a reduction in the size or cross-sectional area of the uterus. It's a common age-related change, often linked to declining estrogen levels. This shrinkage can impact both the endometrium (the uterus's inner lining) and the myometrium (the muscular middle layer). It's not a disease itself but a consequence of underlying factors.
Causes of Uterus Atrophy
Several factors contribute to uterine atrophy:
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Age-related hormonal changes: The most common cause is the decrease in estrogen production associated with aging, particularly postmenopause. [Source: Mayo Clinic, Cleveland Clinic, Harvard Health, WebMD, NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms]
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Ovarian damage: Conditions or treatments that damage the ovaries or disrupt their steroid hormone production can also induce uterine atrophy. [Source: NTP - Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas]
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Malnutrition or cachexia: Severe nutrient deficiency or wasting syndrome can lead to atrophy in various body tissues, including the uterus. [Source: ScienceDirect Topics]
Uterus Atrophy vs. Vaginal Atrophy
It's important to distinguish uterus atrophy from vaginal atrophy (atrophic vaginitis). While both are often related to declining estrogen levels, they affect different parts of the female reproductive system:
- Uterus Atrophy: Affects the uterus itself, leading to a reduction in its size.
- Vaginal Atrophy: Affects the vaginal lining, causing thinning, drying, and inflammation. [Source: Mayo Clinic, Cleveland Clinic, Harvard Health, WebMD, NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms]
Although often associated, vaginal atrophy and uterine atrophy are distinct conditions that can occur independently or concurrently. While both are often treated with hormone replacement therapy when symptoms are present, the specific treatment approach depends on the individual case and severity.
