Severe bleeding is controlled primarily by locating the source of the bleeding, exposing the wound, inspecting it, and then applying direct pressure.
Steps to Control Severe Bleeding:
Effectively controlling severe bleeding requires a swift and methodical approach. Here's a breakdown of the essential steps:
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Locate and Expose the Wound: Quickly find where the bleeding is coming from. Remove any clothing or debris obstructing the view of the wound to properly assess the situation.
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Apply Direct Pressure: This is the most crucial step. Use a clean pad (e.g., sterile gauze, clean cloth) and apply firm, constant pressure directly on the bleeding point. The pressure helps to clot the blood and stop the bleeding.
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Maintain Pressure: Do not release the pressure. Continue applying firm and constant pressure. If the blood soaks through the first pad, do not remove it. Instead, place a second pad directly on top of the first to reinforce the pressure. This avoids disturbing any clots that may have started to form.
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Seek Immediate Medical Attention: While applying pressure, immediately call for emergency medical assistance (e.g., 911 or your local emergency number) or have someone else do so. Severe bleeding requires professional medical treatment as soon as possible.
Additional Considerations:
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Elevation: If possible and without causing further injury, elevate the injured limb above the heart. This can help reduce blood flow to the area and slow the bleeding.
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Tourniquet (If necessary and trained): In cases of severe, life-threatening bleeding from a limb, and if direct pressure is insufficient, a tourniquet may be necessary. Only use a tourniquet if you have been properly trained in its application. Apply the tourniquet 2-3 inches above the wound and tighten until the bleeding stops. Note the time of application.
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Hemostatic Agents: Certain hemostatic agents (e.g., QuikClot) can help to promote clotting. These are typically used by trained medical professionals or individuals with specific training in their use.
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Monitor the Person: Observe the injured person for signs of shock, such as rapid breathing, pale skin, and altered mental status. Keep them warm and comfortable while waiting for medical assistance.
It is important to remember that controlling severe bleeding is a time-sensitive situation. Quick and effective action can significantly improve the outcome.
