DRABC stands for Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, and Circulation. This is a crucial primary survey used in first aid to assess a casualty's condition and prioritize immediate care.
Here's a breakdown of each component:
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Danger: First and foremost, assess the surrounding area for any dangers to yourself, the casualty, and bystanders. Make the scene safe before approaching. This is paramount.
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Response: Check for a response from the casualty. Gently tap their shoulders and ask loudly, "Are you okay?" A response indicates a level of consciousness. If there is no response, they are unconscious.
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Airway: If the casualty is unresponsive, check if their airway is open and clear. Use head-tilt/chin-lift maneuver (unless a spinal injury is suspected) to open the airway. Look, listen, and feel for breathing.
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Breathing: Assess if the casualty is breathing normally. Look for chest movement, listen for breath sounds, and feel for air on your cheek. If they are not breathing or are breathing abnormally (e.g., gasping), prepare to provide rescue breaths.
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Circulation: Check for signs of circulation, such as a pulse (carotid or radial). If there is no pulse, begin chest compressions. Also check for any major bleeding and control it immediately.
Following the DRABC procedure helps first aiders quickly identify and address life-threatening conditions in a systematic manner.
