Self-canned tomatoes typically last for up to 18 months when stored properly. However, the quality may begin to decline after this period.
Factors Affecting Shelf Life
Several factors influence how long self-canned tomatoes remain safe and of good quality:
- Acidity: Tomatoes are a high-acid food. High-acid foods generally have a shorter shelf life than low-acid foods when canned.
- Processing Method: Proper processing using a boiling water bath canner is crucial for ensuring safety and longevity.
- Storage Conditions: Store canned tomatoes in a cool, dark, and dry place. Fluctuations in temperature and exposure to light can degrade the quality of the tomatoes.
- Seal Integrity: Ensure that the jar lids are properly sealed. A compromised seal can allow spoilage microorganisms to enter the jar.
What Happens After 18 Months?
While self-canned tomatoes are generally safe to eat after 18 months if properly processed and stored, their quality (flavor, color, and texture) may deteriorate. The tomatoes may become less flavorful, the color may fade, and the texture may soften.
Safety Concerns: Botulism
The primary safety concern with improperly canned foods, including tomatoes, is the potential for botulism, a severe illness caused by the Clostridium botulinum bacterium. This bacterium thrives in low-oxygen environments, such as improperly sealed canned goods.
Signs of Spoilage Indicating Potential Botulism:
- Bulging lids
- Cracked jars
- Leaking jars
- Foamy or discolored food
- Unpleasant odor
Important Safety Note: If you suspect that your home-canned tomatoes may be spoiled, do not taste them. Discard them properly and safely. The National Center for Home Food Preservation provides comprehensive guidelines on safe canning practices.
Recommendations for Optimal Shelf Life
- Use High-Quality Ingredients: Start with fresh, ripe tomatoes.
- Follow Tested Recipes: Adhere to tested canning recipes from reputable sources to ensure proper acidity and processing times.
- Proper Processing: Process tomatoes using a boiling water bath canner according to the recommended guidelines for your altitude.
- Store Correctly: Store canned tomatoes in a cool, dark, and dry place.
- Label and Date: Label each jar with the date of canning to track the shelf life.
- Consume Within 18 Months: For the best quality, consume self-canned tomatoes within 18 months.
