Turmeric is made by harvesting the rhizomes (underground stems) of the turmeric plant, Curcuma longa, and then processing them. Here's a breakdown of the typical process:
1. Harvesting the Rhizomes:
- Turmeric plants are typically grown for a year.
- The plants are gathered annually for their rhizomes.
- The rhizomes mature beneath the foliage in the ground and have a rough, segmented skin.
- Some rhizomes are reseeded for the next season's crop.
2. Cleaning the Rhizomes:
- The harvested rhizomes are thoroughly washed to remove soil and debris.
3. Curing (Boiling or Steaming):
- The cleaned rhizomes are then cured by boiling or steaming. This process typically takes several hours.
- Curing helps to:
- Achieve a more uniform color
- Reduce the drying time
- Improve the texture and prevent it from being too brittle
- Kill any potential pathogens
4. Drying:
- The cured rhizomes are dried in the sun or in mechanical dryers.
- Sun-drying can take several days to weeks, depending on the weather conditions.
- Mechanical drying is faster and more efficient.
5. Processing (Grinding):
- Once the rhizomes are completely dry, they are ground into a fine powder.
- This grinding process can be done using manual or automated grinding machines.
6. Packaging:
- The turmeric powder is then packaged and is ready for use.
