Ideally, keep raw food and ready-to-eat food separate by using different refrigerators, freezers, and display cases. If that's not possible, here's how to maintain separation within the same unit:
Refrigeration Strategies
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Dedicated Units (Ideal): The best way to prevent cross-contamination is to store raw and cooked foods in completely separate refrigerators and freezers. This eliminates the risk of drips or contact.
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Vertical Storage within the Same Unit (Most Common): If you must store raw and ready-to-eat foods in the same refrigerator, always store raw meat, poultry, fish, and eggs on the bottom shelves. This prevents juices from dripping onto ready-to-eat foods stored above.
- Top Shelves: Ready-to-eat foods, cooked foods, and beverages.
- Middle Shelves: Dairy products.
- Bottom Shelves: Raw meats, poultry, and fish in sealed containers.
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Horizontal Separation: Even on the same shelf, provide physical separation between raw and cooked foods. Use containers or wrappers to prevent contact.
Specific Food Group Considerations
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Raw Meat, Poultry, and Seafood: These pose a high risk of contamination and should always be stored below ready-to-eat foods. Ensure they are tightly wrapped or stored in sealed containers to prevent drips.
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Eggs: Store raw eggs in their original carton on a middle or lower shelf. Avoid storing them in the refrigerator door, where temperatures fluctuate.
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Unwashed Fruits and Vegetables: These should be stored separate from ready-to-eat foods and generally above raw meat in the refrigerator. They can harbor bacteria from the soil that could contaminate other foods. Wash them thoroughly before using.
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Ready-to-Eat Foods: This category includes cooked foods, deli meats, cheeses, and prepared salads. Store these on the upper shelves of the refrigerator to prevent contamination.
General Best Practices
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Use Sealed Containers: Store all foods, raw and cooked, in airtight containers or tightly wrapped in plastic wrap or foil. This prevents cross-contamination and helps maintain food quality.
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Label and Date Food: Clearly label all food items with the date they were stored. This helps you track freshness and avoid using food past its expiration date.
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Clean Regularly: Clean your refrigerator regularly to remove spills and prevent the growth of bacteria.
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Wash Hands Frequently: Always wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water before and after handling raw foods.
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Use Separate Cutting Boards: Use separate cutting boards for raw meats and ready-to-eat foods to avoid cross-contamination. Color-coded cutting boards are helpful.
