You can generally determine if a plastic container is food-safe by looking for the recycling symbol on the bottom, specifically for numbers 1, 2, 4, or 5 within that symbol.
Decoding the Recycling Symbol: Numbers and Food Safety
The recycling symbol, a triangle of chasing arrows, indicates the type of plastic resin used in the container. While not all plastics are suitable for food contact, certain types are widely considered safe. Here's a breakdown of the numbers commonly associated with food-grade plastics:
- #1 PET or PETE (Polyethylene Terephthalate): Commonly used for water bottles and soda bottles. Generally considered safe for single use but avoid reuse, as it can harbor bacteria and potentially leach chemicals with repeated use or exposure to heat.
- #2 HDPE (High-Density Polyethylene): A thicker, sturdier plastic often used for milk jugs, detergent bottles, and some food storage containers. Considered a safer plastic choice and is less likely to leach chemicals.
- #4 LDPE (Low-Density Polyethylene): Found in squeezable bottles, plastic wraps, and some grocery bags. Generally considered safe, but not as durable as HDPE.
- #5 PP (Polypropylene): Used for yogurt containers, syrup bottles, and some reusable food containers. Known for its heat resistance and is considered a safe choice for storing food and drinks.
Plastics to Avoid for Food Storage
While the above plastics are generally considered safe, it's best to avoid containers with the following recycling codes for food storage:
- #3 PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride): Used in some cling wraps and bottles, but less common now due to potential health concerns.
- #6 PS (Polystyrene): Often used for disposable cups and take-out containers. Can leach styrene, a potential health hazard, especially when heated. This includes Styrofoam.
- #7 Other: This category includes a variety of plastics, including polycarbonate, which can contain BPA. Avoid using #7 plastics for food storage unless they are specifically labeled as BPA-free.
Other Indicators of Food Safety
Beyond the recycling symbol, consider these factors:
- "Food Safe" Labeling: Look for explicit labeling that indicates the container is "food safe" or intended for food contact.
- Intended Use: Containers specifically designed for food storage are generally safe.
- Odor and Discoloration: If a plastic container has a strong odor or shows signs of discoloration, it's best not to use it for food storage, as it may be leaching chemicals or harboring bacteria.
- Microwave Safe: If you intend to microwave food in the container, make sure it's specifically labeled as microwave-safe.
In summary, check the recycling symbol and look for codes 1, 2, 4, or 5. Always prioritize containers labeled "food safe" and be mindful of potential leaching, especially with repeated use or exposure to heat.
