Hammer toe, a bending of the toe joint, can often be managed without surgery. Treatment focuses on relieving pain and pressure, and improving the toe's position.
Non-Surgical Treatments for Hammer Toe
Many effective non-surgical options exist for managing hammer toe symptoms:
- Footwear Changes: Switching to shoes with a wide, deep toe box is crucial. This reduces pressure on the affected toe and prevents further bending. Shoes should be at least half an inch longer than your longest toe. (Sources: Cleveland Clinic, OrthoInfo, Mayo Clinic, The Foot Hub)
- Orthotics and Padding: Using over-the-counter toe spacers, metatarsal pads, and inserts can help keep toes separated, cushioned, and prevent rubbing. Taping the toe can also provide support and relief. (Sources: Cleveland Clinic, Mayo Clinic, The Foot Hub, Extend Orthopedics)
- Stretching Exercises: Simple stretching and strengthening exercises can improve flexibility and strengthen the muscles surrounding the toe joint. A physical therapist can guide you on appropriate exercises. (Source: Extend Orthopedics)
Surgical Treatments for Hammer Toe
If non-surgical methods fail to provide relief, surgery may be considered. Several surgical procedures exist, each tailored to the severity of the hammer toe:
- Arthroplasty: Part of the joint under the affected toe is removed to help it straighten. (Source: Penn Medicine)
- Arthrodesis: The entire joint is removed, fusing the bones to straighten the toe. (Source: Penn Medicine)
- Other Surgical Options: A surgeon might remove a small portion of bone to ensure full toe extension. (Source: NYU Langone Health)
Choosing the Right Treatment: The best approach depends on the severity of your hammer toe, your pain levels, and your overall health. Consult a podiatrist or orthopedic surgeon for a proper diagnosis and personalized treatment plan.
