A Taylor fracture is a fracture of the base of the fifth metatarsal bone, located on the outside of your foot.
Unlike an avulsion fracture in the same area (often called a dancer's fracture), a Taylor fracture occurs further down the bone shaft. This distinction is important because Taylor fractures often have a poorer blood supply, making them more prone to non-union (failure to heal properly).
Types of Fifth Metatarsal Fractures
It's helpful to understand the different types of fractures that can occur at the base of the fifth metatarsal to differentiate a Taylor fracture:
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Avulsion Fracture (Dancer's Fracture): This is the most common type. It happens when a tendon or ligament pulls off a small piece of bone. Typically heals well with conservative treatment.
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Jones Fracture: Occurs in the area of the metatarsal slightly further along the bone shaft than an avulsion fracture, and importantly, does not extend into the intermetatarsal joint (between the 4th and 5th metatarsal bones). These can have healing complications.
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Taylor Fracture: This is a fracture of the base of the fifth metatarsal, and importantly does extend into the intermetatarsal joint.
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Stress Fracture: A small crack in the bone that develops over time, often due to repetitive stress.
Causes of a Taylor Fracture
Taylor fractures are often caused by:
- Direct trauma: A direct blow to the outside of the foot.
- Inversion injury: Twisting the ankle inward.
- Repetitive stress: Overuse or high-impact activities.
Diagnosis
A Taylor fracture is typically diagnosed with an X-ray of the foot. Sometimes further imaging, like a CT scan or MRI, is needed to evaluate blood supply or healing progress.
Treatment
Treatment options depend on the severity of the fracture and the patient's activity level:
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Non-Surgical Treatment:
- Rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE)
- Immobilization with a cast or walking boot
- Protected weight-bearing with crutches
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Surgical Treatment:
- May be necessary if the fracture is displaced, unstable, or fails to heal with conservative treatment.
- Involves the use of screws or plates to stabilize the fracture.
Because Taylor fractures often have a poorer blood supply compared to avulsion fractures, they can be more prone to complications and may require longer healing times or surgical intervention.
