Finding a bone can be an intriguing discovery, but the appropriate action depends significantly on whether it appears to be animal or human. It's crucial to approach the situation carefully and responsibly.
Regardless of what you suspect the bone to be, certain initial steps are universally recommended:
- Do Not Disturb: The most crucial first step is to avoid moving or touching the bone or the surrounding area. This preserves the context of the discovery, which is vital for any potential investigation, whether forensic or archaeological.
- Observe: Take note of the exact location, the bone's size, its condition, and any other distinguishing features. If possible, note down landmarks or use GPS coordinates.
If You Suspect the Bone is Human
This is the critical scenario where specific protocols must be followed due to significant legal, ethical, and historical implications.
As Dr. Holly Norton, director of the state's Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation, emphasizes, "If people find bones that they're worried about [are human], they can contact our office [at History Colorado], contact local law enforcement, or the coroner." (Source: 29-Jun-2020)
- Prioritize Safety: Do not touch the bone, especially if it appears to be human. Treat it as a potential crime scene or a sensitive historical find.
- Identify Appropriate Authority: Depending on your location and the circumstances, one of several agencies should be contacted immediately.
Who to Contact for Suspected Human Remains
| Authority | Primary Purpose and Role |
|---|---|
| Local Law Enforcement (e.g., Police, Sheriff's Department) | These agencies are the primary point of contact for any potential criminal investigation or public safety concern. They can secure the scene and coordinate with other relevant authorities. |
| Coroner's Office / Medical Examiner's Office | This office is responsible for determining the cause and manner of death and identifying human remains. They work closely with law enforcement in cases of unexplained death. |
| State Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation | As mentioned by Dr. Holly Norton (e.g., History Colorado), these offices are crucial for cases involving potentially ancient, historic, or Native American human remains. They ensure archaeological protocols are followed and cultural heritage is protected under state and federal laws. |
- Provide Detailed Information: When you contact one of these authorities, be prepared to provide:
- The exact location of the bone (GPS coordinates are highly recommended).
- A clear description of the bone and the surrounding area.
- Your contact information, in case they need further details or directions.
- Follow Instructions: Do not take any further action until advised by the authorities. They will guide you on the next steps, which may include sending investigators to the scene.
If the Bone is Clearly Animal
If you are certain the bone is from an animal, the course of action is generally less critical, but still requires consideration.
- Leave It Be: In most natural settings (e.g., a forest, park, or wilderness area), it's best to leave animal bones undisturbed. They are a natural part of the ecosystem, contributing nutrients back into the environment and serving as food sources for other wildlife.
- On Private Property: If you find animal bones on your own property and wish to remove them:
- Identification: If you are unsure about the animal species or if the bone appears unusual, avoid touching it with bare hands.
- Disposal: You can typically dispose of them as you would other natural debris. However, if the bones are large, numerous, or you suspect they are from a protected species, it's wise to check local regulations regarding the disposal of animal remains.
- Wildlife Concerns: If you find a large number of animal bones, or suspect a case of illegal poaching, disease outbreak, or unusual wildlife activity, you might consider contacting local wildlife authorities or animal control.
Why Proper Procedure Matters
Following the correct steps when you find a bone ensures:
- Legal Compliance: Especially for human remains, strict laws govern their discovery, handling, and reinterment.
- Preservation of Evidence: For potential forensic investigations (if criminal activity is suspected) or archaeological studies (for historical context).
- Respect for the Deceased: All human remains, regardless of their age, warrant respectful and appropriate handling.
- Public Safety: Proper investigation can rule out health risks or potential criminal activity related to the discovery.
