The infection most commonly caused by mould is aspergillosis.
Aspergillosis is an infection caused by Aspergillus, a common type of mould that lives indoors and outdoors. Most people breathe in Aspergillus spores every day without getting sick. However, people with weakened immune systems or lung diseases are at a higher risk of developing health problems due to Aspergillus.
Types of Aspergillosis:
Several types of aspergillosis exist, affecting different parts of the body and causing varying symptoms. Here are some of the most common:
- Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA): This condition affects people with asthma or cystic fibrosis and causes an allergic reaction to Aspergillus in the lungs.
- Aspergilloma (Fungus Ball): This occurs when Aspergillus grows in a pre-existing cavity in the lung, forming a "fungus ball."
- Invasive Aspergillosis: This is the most severe form of aspergillosis, occurring when the infection spreads from the lungs to other organs, such as the brain, heart, or kidneys. It primarily affects people with severely weakened immune systems.
- Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis (CPA): This is a long-term condition where Aspergillus causes cavities and damage to the lungs over a period of months or years.
- Cutaneous Aspergillosis: Occurs when aspergillosis enters the body through a break in the skin. This form of aspergillosis is most likely to occur in people who have weakened immune systems.
Where is Mould Found?
Aspergillus mould is commonly found in:
- Soil
- Compost
- Rotting leaves
- Plants, trees, and crops
Symptoms:
Symptoms of aspergillosis vary depending on the type of infection, but may include:
- Cough
- Wheezing
- Shortness of breath
- Fever
- Chest pain
- Weight loss
- Bloody cough
Diagnosis and Treatment:
Diagnosis of aspergillosis usually involves a combination of physical examination, imaging tests (such as X-rays or CT scans), and laboratory tests (such as sputum cultures or blood tests).
Treatment for aspergillosis depends on the type and severity of the infection. Antifungal medications are the primary treatment, and in some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove fungal masses.
