The primary toxins produced by fungi are mycotoxins.
What Are Mycotoxins?
Mycotoxins are toxic compounds that are naturally produced by certain types of moulds (fungi). These harmful substances can contaminate various foodstuffs and pose a risk to human and animal health.
Key Points about Mycotoxins:
- Source: Mycotoxins are produced by certain moulds (fungi).
- Occurrence: Moulds that produce mycotoxins often grow on a wide variety of food products.
- Foods Affected: Common food items contaminated by mycotoxins include:
- Cereals (e.g., wheat, corn, rice)
- Dried fruits (e.g., raisins, figs)
- Nuts (e.g., peanuts, almonds)
- Spices (e.g., pepper, paprika)
- Health Impact: Mycotoxins can be harmful to both humans and animals when consumed through contaminated food.
How Mycotoxins Affect Food
Moulds that produce mycotoxins can grow on food items under certain conditions, such as:
- High humidity: Moist environments encourage mould growth.
- Improper storage: Poor storage conditions can lead to mould contamination.
- Lack of ventilation: Stored products without adequate ventilation can be more susceptible to mould.
Therefore, it is crucial to store food properly and monitor storage conditions to minimize the risk of mould and mycotoxin contamination. Regular checks for mould growth, especially in vulnerable products like grains and nuts, can also help prevent exposure.
