To preserve garlic from your garden, focus on proper harvesting, curing, and storage to extend its shelf life.
Harvesting Garlic
- Timing is Key: Harvest when the lower leaves of the plant begin to turn brown, but the upper leaves are still green. This typically occurs in mid-summer.
- Careful Digging: Gently loosen the soil around the garlic bulb to avoid bruising it. Use a garden fork or spade.
- Avoid Washing: Do not wash the garlic bulbs immediately after harvesting. The dirt helps protect them during curing.
Curing Garlic
Curing is essential for long-term storage. It allows the outer skins to dry and protects the bulb from rot.
- Clean Gently: Brush off excess dirt, but don't remove the outer skins.
- Air Circulation: Spread the garlic bulbs in a single layer in a dry, well-ventilated location out of direct sunlight. A barn, shed, or garage works well.
- Timeframe: Cure for 2-3 weeks until the necks are dry and the outer skins are papery.
- Braiding (Optional): Once cured, you can braid the garlic together for decorative and practical storage. Braiding provides excellent air circulation.
Storage Options
Proper storage is crucial after curing to maintain quality and prevent spoilage.
- Ideal Conditions: Store cured garlic in a cool, dark, and dry place with good air circulation. A temperature of 32-40°F (0-4°C) is ideal.
- Mesh Bags: Store garlic in mesh bags or open containers to allow air to circulate freely. This prevents moisture buildup, which can lead to mold.
- Braiding: Braided garlic can be hung in a cool, dark, and dry place. Avoid hanging it in the kitchen where it will be exposed to fluctuating temperatures and humidity.
- Avoid Refrigeration (Usually): Whole garlic bulbs should not be refrigerated unless they are sprouting or showing signs of spoilage. Cold temperatures can cause them to sprout prematurely.
Tips for Long-Term Storage
- Check Regularly: Inspect your stored garlic periodically for any signs of mold or sprouting. Remove and discard any affected bulbs to prevent the spread of spoilage.
- Don't Store Near Produce: Avoid storing garlic near fruits and vegetables that release ethylene gas, as this can cause the garlic to sprout.
- Use Damaged Bulbs First: If any bulbs are damaged during harvesting, use them first, as they won't store as long.
By following these steps for harvesting, curing, and storing, you can enjoy your homegrown garlic for many months.
