To plant groundnuts (peanuts) successfully, follow these steps:
1. Timing and Location
- Sow After Last Frost: Plant groundnut seeds directly outdoors after the danger of the last frost has passed and the soil has warmed up.
- Sunny Location: Choose a location that receives at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily.
- Well-Draining Soil: Groundnuts require well-draining, sandy loam soil. Avoid heavy clay soils, as they can hinder peg penetration into the ground.
2. Seed Preparation
- Remove from Shells: Carefully remove the groundnut seeds (kernels) from their shells shortly before planting. Be careful not to damage the thin skin covering the kernels.
3. Planting
- Planting Depth and Spacing: Plant the seeds 1 to 2 inches deep and 4 to 6 inches apart.
- Row Spacing: Leave approximately 3 feet between rows to allow ample space for plant growth and harvesting.
4. Watering
- Keep Soil Moist: Ensure the soil remains consistently moist, but not waterlogged, to promote germination.
- Germination Time: Seeds typically germinate within 10 to 15 days, depending on soil temperature and moisture levels.
5. Ongoing Care
- Weed Control: Regularly remove weeds, especially when the groundnut plants are young, as they compete for resources.
- Hilling: As the plants grow and begin to flower, hill the soil around the base of the plants. This encourages the pegs (the stems that develop into peanuts) to penetrate the soil.
- Watering: Continue to water regularly, especially during dry periods, until the plants are nearing harvest. Reduce watering as harvest time approaches.
By following these steps, you can successfully plant and grow groundnuts in your garden.
