Gastritis can affect digestion primarily by potentially reducing the stomach's ability to produce acid, which can lead to digestive upsets.
Gastritis, an inflammation of the stomach lining, can disrupt the normal digestive processes. While many cases of chronic gastritis show no symptoms, long-standing and severe damage to the stomach lining (mucosa) can significantly impact digestion. Here’s how:
Impact on Digestion
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Reduced Acid Production (Hypochlorhydria): Severe, long-term gastritis can cause the stomach to lose its ability to produce sufficient acid. Gastric acid is crucial for:
- Breaking down proteins.
- Activating pepsin, an enzyme that digests proteins.
- Killing bacteria ingested with food.
- Aiding in the absorption of certain nutrients like iron and vitamin B12.
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Digestive Upsets: According to the provided reference, impaired acid production can cause digestive upsets. This can manifest as:
- Bloating: Incomplete protein digestion can lead to gas production.
- Indigestion: A general feeling of discomfort after eating.
- Nutrient Deficiencies: Reduced absorption of iron and vitamin B12 can result in anemia and neurological problems, respectively.
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Altered Gastric Motility: Gastritis can affect the muscles of the stomach, leading to altered gastric motility, which further hinders digestion and absorption.
Summary Table
| Gastritis Effect | Impact on Digestion | Potential Symptoms |
|---|---|---|
| Reduced stomach acid production | Impairs protein digestion, nutrient absorption, and bacterial killing | Bloating, indigestion, nutrient deficiencies |
| Altered gastric motility | Hinders digestion and absorption | Abdominal discomfort, altered bowel habits |
