The primary cause of stomach acid ulcers is an infection with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is another significant cause.
Causes of Stomach Acid Ulcers Explained
Here's a breakdown of the main factors that lead to the development of stomach acid ulcers:
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Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) Infection: H. pylori is a bacterium that infects the stomach lining. This infection can damage the protective mucus layer that shields the stomach from its own acid. Once this protective layer is compromised, stomach acid can erode the stomach lining, leading to ulcers.
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Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): NSAIDs, such as aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen, can irritate and damage the stomach lining. They reduce the production of prostaglandins, which are substances that help protect the stomach lining. Long-term use of NSAIDs increases the risk of developing stomach ulcers.
Factors that Don't Directly Cause Ulcers but Can Worsen Symptoms:
It's important to note that certain factors do not directly cause ulcers but can exacerbate symptoms:
- Stress: While stress doesn't cause ulcers, it can increase stomach acid production and potentially worsen ulcer symptoms.
- Spicy Foods: Similarly, spicy foods don't cause ulcers, but they can irritate the stomach lining and worsen discomfort associated with existing ulcers.
In Summary:
The most common culprits behind stomach acid ulcers are H. pylori infection and the long-term use of NSAIDs. Other factors like stress and spicy foods can worsen the symptoms.
