The stomach's blood supply is primarily derived from the celiac trunk, a major artery branching from the abdominal aorta. This crucial vessel gives rise to three main arteries that contribute to the stomach's intricate vascular network:
- Left gastric artery: Supplies blood to the lesser curvature of the stomach.
- Splenic artery: Indirectly contributes to the stomach's blood supply through its branches.
- Common hepatic artery: Contributes via its branches to the stomach's blood supply.
Furthermore, the gastroepiploic arteries (right and left) arising from the common hepatic and splenic arteries, respectively, supply the greater curvature of the stomach and the greater omentum. These arteries create anastomoses (connections) along both curvatures ensuring a rich and redundant blood supply to the stomach. The precise arterial supply pattern is complex and variable, with significant anastomoses providing collateral circulation. This robust network is vital for the stomach's function and ensures sufficient oxygen and nutrient delivery, even in cases of partial occlusion of one of the supplying arteries. The stomach's vascular supply is crucial for its digestive processes and mucosal protection. Adequate blood flow is essential for maintaining the integrity of the gastric mucosa and preventing damage. Disruption to this blood supply, as seen in conditions like mesenteric ischemia, can lead to serious complications.
The information provided here is based on multiple sources, including TeachMeAnatomy, Kenhub, and various research articles detailing the stomach's arterial supply and the role of blood flow in gastric function and mucosal defense.
