Why Black Color Stool?
Black or tarry stools, medically known as melena, can be alarming, but often have a simple explanation. The color change usually comes from digested blood in the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract—the esophagus, stomach, or the beginning of the small intestine. The blood darkens as it moves through the digestive system.
Several factors can cause black stool. Here's a breakdown:
1. Bleeding in the Upper GI Tract
- This is a significant cause of black, tarry stools. Bleeding ulcers are a common culprit. These ulcers are open sores in the stomach or small intestine. Other upper GI issues can also lead to bleeding. Healthcare providers confirm melena by identifying internal bleeding as the cause.
2. Dietary Factors
- Certain foods and drinks can temporarily darken stool color. Dark-colored foods can cause this temporary change.
3. Medications
- Some medications, especially iron supplements, can turn stools black or dark green. Iron tablets are a known cause of dark stool color.
4. Supplements
- Similar to medications, certain supplements can also affect stool color. New supplements can sometimes be the cause of black stool.
When to Seek Medical Attention
While dietary factors and some medications can cause black stools, persistent or unusually dark stools, especially if accompanied by other symptoms like abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or dizziness, require immediate medical evaluation. Black or tarry stools often indicate a problem in the upper digestive tract, most often bleeding. If the cause is not dietary or medicinal, it usually signifies internal bleeding.
