Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are primarily used to reduce stomach acid production, providing relief from conditions caused by or aggravated by excess acid.
Here's a more detailed breakdown:
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Decreasing Stomach Acid: PPIs work by blocking the enzyme in the stomach lining that produces acid. This effectively lowers the amount of acid the stomach generates.
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Treating GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease): PPIs are frequently prescribed to treat GERD, a condition where stomach acid repeatedly flows back into the esophagus, causing heartburn and potentially damaging the esophageal lining. They help heal the esophagus and prevent further damage.
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Healing Stomach Ulcers: Ulcers in the stomach or small intestine can be caused by bacteria (H. pylori) or long-term use of NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). PPIs help heal these ulcers by reducing acid exposure and allowing the lining to repair itself.
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Preventing Ulcers from NSAID Use: For individuals who must take NSAIDs regularly, PPIs can be prescribed to prevent the formation of ulcers in the first place.
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Treating Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome: This rare condition causes the stomach to produce too much acid. PPIs are often used to manage the excessive acid production associated with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.
Examples of PPIs:
- Omeprazole (Prilosec)
- Lansoprazole (Prevacid)
- Esomeprazole (Nexium)
- Pantoprazole (Protonix)
- Rabeprazole (AcipHex)
In summary, PPIs are used to treat and prevent conditions related to excessive stomach acid, including GERD, stomach ulcers, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, by effectively reducing the amount of acid the stomach produces.
