Identifying a raw diamond involves looking for specific characteristics that distinguish it from other rocks and minerals. Key indicators include its surface texture and crystal shape.
Key Characteristics of a Raw Diamond
Raw diamonds don't have the polished brilliance of cut diamonds. Here’s what to look for:
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Unpolished Surface: Raw diamonds have a dull, greasy, or waxy luster and a rough, unpolished surface. They lack the smooth, reflective facets of a cut and polished diamond.
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Distinctive Shape: While not always perfectly formed, raw diamonds often exhibit natural crystal shapes such as:
- Octahedrons: Eight-sided, double pyramid shapes.
- Cubic Forms: Six-sided, cube-like shapes.
- Dodecahedrons: Twelve-sided shapes.
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Hardness: Diamonds are the hardest naturally occurring substance. If you can scratch other rocks with it, there's a chance it could be a diamond, but this isn't conclusive as some other minerals are also very hard. Professional testing is needed to confirm hardness.
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Grease Attraction: Diamonds have a unique affinity to grease. This is used in diamond sorting processes.
What to Look For in Detail
Here's a more detailed look at what to examine:
Surface Appearance
A raw diamond's surface can look dull, greasy, or even coated. Don't expect sparkle. Look for a subtle sheen that might hint at the crystal structure underneath.
Crystal Structure
Although raw diamonds may not be perfectly shaped, try to identify crystal formations. Common diamond crystal shapes include octahedrons (eight faces), cubes (six faces), and dodecahedrons (twelve faces). Look for any semblance of these forms.
Density and Weight
Diamonds are relatively dense. A stone that feels heavier than expected for its size might be a diamond, or another dense mineral.
The Scratch Test (Use with Extreme Caution)
Diamonds are incredibly hard and can scratch almost any other material. While tempting, performing a scratch test isn't recommended, as you risk damaging the potential diamond or other materials. It's best left to professionals with the right tools.
Limitations of Identification
It's important to understand that identifying a raw diamond based solely on visual inspection and simple tests is difficult and often unreliable. Many other minerals can resemble raw diamonds.
Professional Appraisal
The most reliable way to identify a raw diamond is to have it evaluated by a qualified gemologist or diamond expert. They have the tools and expertise to perform accurate tests and determine the stone's identity and value.
