Most DNA is located in the cell's nucleus, where it's called nuclear DNA. However, a small amount of DNA can also be found in the mitochondria, called mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA.
The nucleus is a membrane-bound compartment within the cell that contains the cell's genetic material, which is organized into chromosomes. Each chromosome is a single, long molecule of DNA, which carries the genetic instructions for the development and functioning of the organism.
Mitochondria are organelles within the cell that are responsible for energy production. They have their own DNA, which is separate from nuclear DNA. Mitochondrial DNA is passed down from mother to child, so it can be used to trace maternal ancestry.
