Gingiva is composed of stratified squamous epithelium and the underlying lamina propria.
Here's a breakdown:
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Stratified Squamous Epithelium: This is a multi-layered epithelium, providing a protective barrier. The cells on the surface are flattened (squamous). This type of epithelium is well-suited to withstand abrasion and physical stress, which is essential in the oral cavity.
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Lamina Propria (Connective Tissue): This layer of dense connective tissue supports the epithelium and provides it with nutrients. It interdigitates with the epithelium forming rete ridges, which increase the surface area for attachment and nutrient exchange. This helps the gingiva to resist separation from the tooth surface.
