Yes, a significant portion of the gingiva is keratinized.
Understanding Keratinized Gingiva
The gingiva, commonly known as the gums, is the tissue surrounding the teeth. A key characteristic of much of this tissue is its keratinization. Keratinization refers to the process by which cells produce keratin, a tough, protective protein. This makes the tissue resistant to abrasion and provides a barrier against bacteria.
- Location: Keratinized gingiva covers the majority of the gingiva and extends from the free gingival margin to the mucogingival junction. This includes both the free gingiva and the attached gingiva. [Reference: The keratinized gingival is the part of the oral mucosa which covers the gingiva and hard palate. It extends from the free gingival margin to the mucogingival junction and consists of the free gingiva as well as the attached gingiva.]
- Appearance: Keratinized gingiva typically presents a pale pink appearance and a firm texture. [Reference: The gingiva, also known as the gums, is the pink-colored keratinized mucosa that surrounds and protects the teeth ...]
- Function: The keratinized layer offers vital protection to the underlying tissues and contributes to the overall health of the periodontium. [Reference: Attached gingiva – This tissue is adjacent to the free gingiva and is keratinized and ...]
- Contrast with Non-Keratinized Gingiva: While a significant portion is keratinized, there is a transition to non-keratinized tissue at the mucogingival junction, where the gingiva meets the alveolar mucosa. This non-keratinized mucosa is characterized by a redder appearance and a smoother, less firm texture. [Reference: Apically there is a clear distinction, the mucogingival junction, between the keratinized tissue of the gingivae and the more red appearance of the non-...]
The width of the keratinized gingiva is clinically significant, impacting periodontal health and treatment outcomes. Studies have explored the relationship between keratinized gingiva width and various periodontal conditions. [Reference: Nevertheless, even if a direct correlation between the phenotype and the width of the keratinized gingiva may not be supported by the existing data every time, ...]
Clinical Significance
The presence and width of keratinized gingiva are important factors considered in various dental procedures, including periodontal surgery and implant placement. Techniques like free gingival grafts are employed to increase the width of keratinized gingiva where it’s deficient. [Reference: Abstract. Background: The standard of care for increasing keratinized gingiva adjacent to teeth that do not require root coverage is the free gingival graft ( ...)]
