Glucagon injection works by prompting the liver to release stored sugar into the bloodstream. This action raises blood glucose levels, effectively counteracting hypoglycemia (low blood sugar).
Glucagon's Mechanism of Action
The key function of glucagon is to elevate blood sugar when it drops too low. Here’s a breakdown of how it works, based on the reference:
- Glycogenolysis: Glucagon is a glycogenolytic agent. This means it stimulates the liver to break down glycogen—the stored form of glucose—into usable glucose.
- Release into Bloodstream: Once the glycogen is converted to glucose, the liver releases this sugar into the bloodstream, which quickly increases blood glucose levels. This action is crucial in preventing and treating hypoglycemia.
Additional Function
Beyond increasing blood sugar, glucagon also has another effect described in the reference:
- Smooth Muscle Relaxation: Glucagon can relax the smooth muscles found in the stomach and other digestive organs. This effect is often used during diagnostic procedures.
Practical Applications
Here's how understanding glucagon's function is important:
- Hypoglycemia Treatment: Glucagon injections are commonly used in emergency situations when a person with diabetes experiences severe hypoglycemia and cannot consume sugar orally.
- Diagnostic Procedures: The muscle relaxing property of glucagon can aid in certain medical diagnostic tests.
| Feature | Action |
|---|---|
| Primary Function | Elevates blood sugar by releasing stored glucose from the liver |
| Type of Agent | Glycogenolytic agent |
| Secondary Function | Relaxes smooth muscle of the digestive organs |
Glucagon's ability to quickly increase blood sugar makes it a vital medication for those at risk of severe hypoglycemic episodes, such as people with diabetes.
