Growing guava from seed is a rewarding, albeit patient, process. Here's a step-by-step guide to help you cultivate your own guava tree:
1. Seed Preparation:
- Extraction: Obtain seeds from a ripe guava fruit. The fresher the fruit, the better the germination rate.
- Cleaning: Thoroughly wash the seeds to remove any pulp residue. This helps prevent fungal growth.
- Soaking: Soak the cleaned seeds in room temperature (20-26°C or 68-79°F) clean water for approximately 4 hours. This softens the seed coat and promotes germination.
2. Sowing the Seeds:
- Seed Starting Mix: Use a well-draining seed starting mix. This provides the necessary aeration and nutrients for the seedlings.
- Planting Depth: Sow the seeds about 1/4 to 1/2 inch (0.6 to 1.3 cm) deep in the soil.
- Placement: Initially, keep the seed trays or pots in a shady location.
3. Germination & Early Care:
- Germination Time: Guava seeds typically germinate within 15 to 25 days, but it can sometimes take longer. Patience is key.
- Light Exposure: Once germination occurs, gradually move the seedlings to a bright location with indirect sunlight. Direct sunlight can scorch young seedlings.
- Watering: Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Overwatering can lead to root rot.
4. Transplanting:
- Timing: Once the seedlings have developed a few sets of true leaves, they're ready to be transplanted into individual pots or directly into the ground.
- Soil: Guavas prefer well-draining soil that is slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.0-7.0).
- Location: Choose a sunny location with at least 6-8 hours of sunlight per day.
5. Ongoing Care:
- Watering: Water regularly, especially during dry periods. Mature guava trees are relatively drought-tolerant, but young trees need consistent moisture.
- Fertilizing: Fertilize young trees with a balanced fertilizer every few months during the growing season.
- Pruning: Prune regularly to maintain shape and encourage fruit production.
6. Fruiting:
- Time to Fruiting: Guava trees grown from seed typically start producing fruit within 1.5 to 3 years. Grafted trees fruit much sooner.
Summary: Growing guava from seed involves cleaning and soaking the seeds, sowing them in a well-draining mix, providing appropriate light and water, and transplanting them into a sunny location with well-draining soil. With proper care, you can enjoy homegrown guavas in a few years.
