Swollen gums, also known as gingival swelling, are a common issue with various causes. Often, the culprit is poor oral hygiene leading to gingivitis (gum disease). However, other factors can contribute.
Common Causes of Swollen Gums:
- Gingivitis and Gum Disease: This is the most frequent reason for swollen gums. Plaque buildup irritates the gums, causing inflammation, redness, and swelling. [Source: Cleveland Clinic, Mayo Clinic, Colgate, WebMD]
- Infection: Viral or fungal infections in the mouth can also cause gum swelling. [Source: Mount Sinai]
- Poorly Fitting Dental Appliances: Dentures or other appliances that don't fit correctly can irritate the gums and lead to swelling. [Source: Mount Sinai]
- Nutritional Deficiencies: Lack of certain vitamins and nutrients can impact gum health and contribute to swelling. [Source: Mount Sinai]
- Hormonal Changes: Fluctuations in hormones, particularly during pregnancy, can make gums more susceptible to inflammation and swelling. [Source: Mount Sinai]
- Aggressive Flossing: While flossing is crucial, overly aggressive techniques can irritate and inflame the gums. [Source: Omni Dental]
Less Common Causes:
- Specific Medical Conditions: In rare cases, swollen gums can indicate underlying health problems.
What to Do:
If you have swollen gums, it's essential to consult a dentist. They can diagnose the underlying cause and recommend appropriate treatment, which may include:
- Improved Oral Hygiene: Regular brushing and flossing are crucial to prevent and treat gingivitis.
- Professional Cleaning: A dental cleaning can remove plaque and tartar buildup.
- Medication: In cases of infection, antibiotics or antifungal medications might be prescribed.
- Addressing Underlying Conditions: Treatment for any underlying medical conditions contributing to swollen gums.
Remember, swollen gums are not normal. Early intervention is key to preventing more serious gum disease.
