The feeling of hardness in your gums can stem from various reasons, with fibromas being the most common cause. However, other potential factors should also be considered.
Here's a breakdown of potential causes:
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Fibromas: These are benign (non-cancerous) growths that often develop after trauma or irritation to the gums. For example, chronic rubbing from dentures or a sharp tooth can cause a fibroma to form. They feel like hard lumps in the mouth. They are generally harmless and can be removed by a dentist or oral surgeon if they are bothersome.
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Scar Tissue: Past injuries or surgeries in the mouth can lead to the formation of scar tissue, which can feel harder than the surrounding gum tissue.
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Exostoses: These are bony growths that can occur in the jawbone and sometimes extend into the gums. They are typically harmless but can cause discomfort if they interfere with dentures or oral hygiene.
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Torus Mandibularis/Palatinus: Similar to exostoses, these are bony growths, torus mandibularis occurring on the lower jaw near the premolars and torus palatinus on the roof of the mouth. While not technically on the gums, they can feel like hard lumps in the mouth and indirectly affect gum tissue.
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Calcification: Sometimes, calcium deposits can form within the gum tissue, leading to a hardened area.
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Infection or Abscess: While usually painful, a chronic, low-grade infection or abscess can sometimes present as a hard, swollen area. However, this is less likely to be the sole symptom, and pain is often present.
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Cysts: Cysts are fluid-filled sacs that can develop in the gums. While often soft, some cysts can have a firmer texture.
What to do:
It's crucial to consult a dentist or oral surgeon if you notice a hard area on your gums. They can properly diagnose the cause through a clinical examination and, if necessary, additional tests like X-rays or a biopsy. Proper diagnosis is key to determining the appropriate treatment, which may range from monitoring to surgical removal.
