Adenomyosis is a condition where the tissue that normally lines the inside of the uterus (endometrium) grows into the muscular wall of the uterus (myometrium). This can cause the uterus to enlarge and lead to heavy menstrual bleeding, painful periods, and other symptoms.
Here's what you need to know about adenomyosis:
- What is it? Adenomyosis is a benign (non-cancerous) condition where endometrial tissue grows into the muscle wall of the uterus. This can cause the uterus to enlarge.
- What are the symptoms? Common symptoms include:
- Heavy menstrual bleeding
- Painful periods (dysmenorrhea)
- Pain during sex
- Lower abdominal pain
- Pelvic pain
- Infertility
- What causes it? The exact cause of adenomyosis is unknown, but it is thought to be related to:
- Hormonal changes: Hormonal fluctuations, especially during menstruation, may contribute to the growth of endometrial tissue.
- Uterine surgery: Previous surgeries on the uterus, such as C-sections, may increase the risk of adenomyosis.
- Genetics: A family history of adenomyosis may increase a woman's risk.
- Diagnosis: Doctors typically diagnose adenomyosis through a combination of:
- Pelvic exam: To check for an enlarged uterus or other abnormalities.
- Ultrasound: To visualize the uterus and identify any areas of thickening or abnormalities.
- MRI: Provides detailed images of the uterus and surrounding tissues.
- Treatment: Treatment options for adenomyosis vary depending on the severity of symptoms and individual preferences. Options include:
- Pain relief: Over-the-counter or prescription pain medications can help manage pain.
- Hormonal therapy: Birth control pills or other hormonal therapies can help reduce menstrual bleeding and pain.
- Surgery: In severe cases, surgery may be recommended to remove the affected tissue.
It is important to note that adenomyosis is a complex condition and the information provided here is not a substitute for professional medical advice. If you are experiencing any of the symptoms mentioned above, it is essential to consult with your doctor for diagnosis and treatment.
