Curly hair results from the shape of the hair follicle and the distribution of proteins within the hair strand. A curved follicle produces curly hair, unlike the straight follicle which produces straight hair. The uneven distribution of proteins within the hair further contributes to the curl pattern.
The Role of Hair Follicles
The shape of the hair follicle, located beneath the scalp, dictates the shape of the hair that grows from it.
- Straight Hair: Grows from a round follicle.
- Curly Hair: Grows from an oval or elliptical follicle. The flatter the oval, the curlier the hair tends to be.
Protein Distribution
The proteins within the hair strand, particularly keratin, influence curl formation.
- Even Distribution: In straight hair, proteins are generally evenly distributed.
- Uneven Distribution: In curly hair, the proteins are unevenly distributed. The side of the hair with more protein grows slower, causing the hair to curl or bend. The less evenly distributed the proteins are, the curlier the hair.
Genetic Influence
Genetics play a significant role in determining hair follicle shape and protein distribution. Your genetic code also plays a role in the shape of the cortex and, therefore, the shape and thickness of your hair. This determines the degree of curl, hair thickness, and other hair characteristics.
Summary
In short, curly hair is a result of the hair growing from a curved follicle and the uneven distribution of proteins within each hair strand. Both these factors are heavily influenced by genetics.
