Hair is made up of three distinct layers: the cuticle, cortex, and medulla. The cuticle is the outermost layer, composed of overlapping, shingle-like cells that protect the hair shaft. The cortex, which makes up the majority of the hair, contains the pigment that gives hair its color. The medulla, the innermost layer, is often absent in fine hair and can be hollow or filled with air.
These layers work together to give hair its strength, elasticity, and texture. The cuticle protects the inner layers from damage, while the cortex provides structure and color. The medulla helps regulate moisture and adds to the hair's overall diameter.
Understanding the layers of hair is essential for properly caring for and styling your hair. For example, knowing that the cuticle is the outermost layer can help you choose hair products that are designed to protect it and prevent damage.
