Three causes of sensorineural hearing loss are: exposure to loud noises, aging, and ototoxic medications.
Here's a more detailed explanation of each:
-
Exposure to Loud Noises: Prolonged or repeated exposure to loud sounds, such as those from machinery, concerts, or explosions, can damage the delicate hair cells in the inner ear. This is a common cause of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). These hair cells are responsible for transmitting sound signals to the brain. Damage to these cells results in difficulty hearing certain frequencies, often starting with higher frequencies.
-
Aging (Presbycusis): As we age, the structures of the inner ear gradually deteriorate. This age-related hearing loss, also known as presbycusis, is a very common condition. It typically affects both ears equally and develops gradually. Presbycusis can affect various parts of the inner ear and auditory pathways, leading to a progressive decline in hearing sensitivity, especially for high-pitched sounds.
-
Ototoxic Medications: Certain medications are toxic to the inner ear (ototoxic) and can cause sensorineural hearing loss. These medications can damage the hair cells or other structures within the inner ear. Examples of ototoxic medications include certain antibiotics (aminoglycosides), chemotherapy drugs (cisplatin), and high doses of aspirin or other NSAIDs.
