A calcium score test, or coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, is a non-invasive CT scan used to detect calcium deposits (plaque) in the coronary arteries, which can indicate the presence and extent of coronary artery disease (CAD).
How the Calcium Score Test Works:
The calcium score test utilizes a Computed Tomography (CT) machine to take detailed pictures of your heart. The process involves the following:
- Scanning: You will lie on a table that slides into the CT scanner. The scanner takes multiple cross-sectional images of your heart.
- Detection of Calcium: Areas in the coronary arteries where calcium is present will appear on the scan. The amount of calcium detected is quantified and assigned a score.
- Non-invasive Nature: The procedure is non-invasive, meaning it doesn't require any incisions or insertion of instruments into the body.
- Speed: The CT scan itself usually takes only a few minutes to complete, although the entire appointment may last 10-15 minutes.
What the Calcium Score Means:
The calcium score is a number that represents the amount of calcium detected in your coronary arteries. Higher scores generally indicate a greater risk of heart attack or other cardiac events.
| Calcium Score | Interpretation |
|---|---|
| 0 | No calcium detected. Low risk of heart attack. |
| 1-10 | Minimal calcium. Low risk of heart attack. |
| 11-100 | Mild calcium. Moderate risk of heart attack. |
| 101-400 | Moderate calcium. Moderate to high risk of heart attack. |
| Over 400 | Extensive calcium. High risk of heart attack. |
It's important to note that the calcium score is just one factor in assessing heart disease risk. Doctors consider other factors, such as age, family history, cholesterol levels, blood pressure, and smoking status, when making treatment recommendations.
Why is a Calcium Score Test Performed?
A calcium score test can help:
- Assess risk: Determine your risk of developing heart disease.
- Guide treatment: Help your doctor decide on the best course of treatment, which may include lifestyle changes, medication, or further testing.
- Early detection: Identify heart disease in its early stages, even before symptoms develop.
A calcium score test is a valuable tool for assessing your risk of heart disease by detecting calcium deposits in your coronary arteries. The score helps your doctor develop a personalized treatment plan to manage your heart health.
