A mechanical heart valve works by using pivoting leaflets to control the flow of blood through the heart, ensuring it moves in the correct direction.
Here's a breakdown:
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Valve Structure: Most mechanical heart valves are bileaflet, meaning they consist of two hinged discs, or "leaflets," typically made of pyrolytic carbon.
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Blood Flow Control: These leaflets swing open and closed in response to pressure changes within the heart chambers.
- When the heart chamber contracts and pressure increases, the leaflets open, allowing blood to flow through the valve.
- When the heart chamber relaxes and pressure decreases, the leaflets close, preventing blood from flowing backward. This one-way flow is crucial for proper heart function.
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Durability: A key advantage of mechanical heart valves is their exceptional durability. They are designed to last a lifetime, minimizing the need for re-operation due to valve wear.
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Example: Imagine a doorway with two swinging doors. These doors represent the leaflets. When people (blood) push from one side, the doors swing open. When they try to push from the other side, the doors stay closed, preventing backflow.
In summary, mechanical heart valves employ moving leaflets that respond to pressure changes to regulate blood flow, ensuring it proceeds in the correct direction with each heartbeat. Their long lifespan is a major benefit for patients.
