Hemorrhoids, also known as piles, are swollen veins in the anus and rectum. They're a common problem caused primarily by increased pressure in the lower rectum.
Key Causes of Hemorrhoids:
Several factors contribute to this increased pressure:
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Straining during bowel movements: This is a significant contributor. Difficult or infrequent bowel movements put extra strain on the veins in the rectum and anus.
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Sitting for prolonged periods: Spending extended time seated, particularly on the toilet, increases pressure in the pelvic region.
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Chronic constipation or diarrhea: Both conditions can lead to increased straining and pressure on the rectal veins. Constipation causes difficult bowel movements requiring extra effort, while diarrhea can lead to irritation and inflammation.
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Pregnancy: The increased pressure from the growing fetus on pelvic veins contributes to hemorrhoid development in many pregnant women.
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Obesity: Excess weight adds extra pressure on the blood vessels in the lower abdomen and rectum.
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Family history (Heredity): A genetic predisposition can increase your likelihood of developing hemorrhoids.
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Aging: The weakening of connective tissues with age can also make hemorrhoids more likely to develop.
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Low-fiber diet: A diet lacking in fiber can lead to constipation, thereby increasing the risk of hemorrhoids.
Understanding the Mechanism:
The increased pressure mentioned above causes the veins in the anus and rectum to swell and become inflamed, resulting in hemorrhoids. These swollen veins can be either internal (inside the rectum) or external (outside the anus). Internal hemorrhoids often bleed but are usually painless, while external hemorrhoids can be painful and itchy.
