Shortly before his death, Albert Einstein was hard at work on his Unified Field Theory.
Einstein dedicated a significant portion of his later life to developing a Unified Field Theory, an ambitious attempt to unify all the fundamental forces of physics into a single framework. This involved trying to reconcile general relativity (which describes gravity) with electromagnetism.
The evening before he passed away on April 18, 1955, at the age of 76, Einstein was reportedly in the hospital, actively working on this theory. He was writing and scribbling his thoughts, striving to find a breakthrough. He then told his nurse that he wanted to rest for a while before placing his papers on the table. He died shortly after.