Cortisol, often called the "stress hormone," isn't inherently good or bad. It's a vital hormone that plays a crucial role in regulating numerous bodily functions, including:
- Managing stress: Cortisol helps us respond to stressful situations by releasing energy and increasing alertness.
- Regulating blood sugar: It helps control blood sugar levels by promoting glucose production in the liver.
- Reducing inflammation: Cortisol has anti-inflammatory effects that can help protect the body from damage.
- Maintaining blood pressure: It contributes to maintaining normal blood pressure.
- Supporting memory: Cortisol plays a role in memory formation and retrieval.
However, having the right cortisol balance is essential for health. Both high and low levels can lead to various health problems.
Too much cortisol (hypercortisolism) can cause:
- Weight gain, particularly in the abdomen
- High blood pressure
- Increased risk of diabetes
- Weakened bones
- Mood swings, anxiety, and depression
- Difficulty sleeping
Too little cortisol (hypocortisolism) can cause:
- Fatigue and weakness
- Low blood pressure
- Weight loss
- Loss of appetite
- Muscle aches and pains
- Mood changes, including depression
Therefore, cortisol is essential for health, but maintaining a healthy balance is crucial. If you're experiencing symptoms related to either high or low cortisol levels, it's important to consult a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment.
