Fluctuations in estrogen and progesterone levels are largely responsible for the increased emotional sensitivity and crying experienced by many women before their period.
The Role of Hormones in Premenstrual Emotions
The drop in estrogen and progesterone after ovulation is a key trigger for premenstrual emotional changes, including increased tearfulness. These hormone shifts influence the production of serotonin, a neurotransmitter that plays a crucial role in mood regulation. A decrease in serotonin can contribute to feelings of sadness, irritability, and emotional lability. [1, 7, 8, 10]
While not fully understood, the complex interplay of these hormones during the menstrual cycle is believed to be the primary cause of premenstrual mood changes, which frequently include crying. [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9] The severity of these changes can vary significantly among individuals, with some experiencing mild discomfort and others facing significantly more intense emotional distress. [3, 5] This emotional distress, in severe cases, can be indicative of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), a more serious condition. [3, 5]
Understanding the Connection
- Hormonal Fluctuations: The cyclical changes in estrogen and progesterone are central to the experience of premenstrual emotional changes.
- Serotonin's Role: Changes in serotonin levels, triggered by hormonal fluctuations, directly affect mood.
- Severity Varies: The intensity of premenstrual mood swings differs greatly from person to person.
- PMDD: In severe cases, these symptoms may indicate PMDD, requiring professional assessment and treatment.
