Glucagon raises blood sugar levels primarily by affecting the liver.
Glucagon is a hormone that plays a critical role in regulating blood glucose levels. When blood glucose levels are low, glucagon is released to counteract this and bring glucose levels back to a normal range. Here's a breakdown of its mechanism:
Glucagon's Mechanism of Action
The main way glucagon increases blood sugar is through its action on the liver.
-
Receptor Binding: Glucagon travels through the bloodstream and binds to specific glucagon receptors located on the surface of liver cells (hepatocytes).
-
Activation of Glycogenolysis: According to the reference, activation of the hepatic glucagon receptors stimulates glycogenolysis, the breakdown of glycogen (the stored form of glucose) into glucose.
-
Glucose Release: The liver then releases this glucose into the bloodstream, raising blood sugar levels.
Duration and Considerations
-
Short Duration: Glucagon has a short duration of action.
-
Hyperglycemia Risk: The reference indicates that glucagon may cause hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) in diabetic patients. This is important to consider when administering glucagon to individuals with diabetes.
