HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) is a glycoprotein hormone, not a steroid. This means it is a protein with carbohydrate chains attached.
Understanding Glycoprotein Hormones
HCG is specifically a glycoprotein, which means it's composed of both:
- Protein: The primary structure is made of amino acids linked together.
- Carbohydrate: Sugar molecules are attached to the protein.
HCG's Role and Production
As stated in the reference, HCG is produced in large amounts during pregnancy and by certain tumors. Its biological action is similar to luteinizing hormone, but HCG has a longer half-life.
Key Differences: Protein vs. Steroid Hormones
| Feature | Protein Hormones (like HCG) | Steroid Hormones |
|---|---|---|
| Structure | Amino acid chains with carbohydrates | Cholesterol-derived |
| Production | Synthesized via gene expression | Synthesized through enzymatic reactions |
| Receptors | Usually on the cell surface | Usually inside the cell |
HCG in Pregnancy
- HCG plays a crucial role in maintaining pregnancy.
- It's often detected in pregnancy tests.
- HCG levels rise rapidly in early pregnancy.
Conclusion
In summary, HCG is classified as a glycoprotein hormone, making it a protein with attached carbohydrates, not a steroid.
