You can't directly "feel" cortisol in the same way you feel physical touch, but you can experience the effects of abnormal cortisol levels through various symptoms.
Cortisol is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands. It plays a vital role in regulating many bodily functions, including:
- Stress response: Helps the body respond to stress.
- Metabolism: Regulates blood sugar levels, blood pressure, and metabolism.
- Immune system: Influences the immune system.
- Inflammation: Reduces inflammation.
When cortisol levels are too high (hypercortisolism) or too low (hypocortisolism), it can lead to noticeable symptoms. However, these symptoms are often non-specific, meaning they can be caused by other conditions as well.
Symptoms Associated with High Cortisol Levels (Hypercortisolism)
High cortisol levels, often caused by conditions like Cushing's syndrome, can manifest in various ways:
- Weight gain: Particularly in the face (moon face), neck (buffalo hump), and abdomen.
- Skin changes: Thinning skin, easy bruising, stretch marks (striae), acne.
- Muscle weakness: Especially in the upper arms and thighs.
- High blood pressure: Can exacerbate existing hypertension.
- High blood sugar: Can lead to or worsen diabetes.
- Mood changes: Irritability, anxiety, depression.
- Osteoporosis: Weakening of the bones.
- Headaches: Frequent or persistent headaches.
- Fatigue: Feeling tired and run down.
- Irregular menstrual periods: In women.
- Decreased libido: In both men and women.
Symptoms Associated with Low Cortisol Levels (Hypocortisolism)
Low cortisol levels, often associated with Addison's disease or adrenal insufficiency, can also cause noticeable changes:
- Fatigue: Persistent and profound tiredness.
- Muscle weakness: Generalized weakness.
- Weight loss: Unexplained weight loss.
- Decreased appetite: Loss of interest in eating.
- Abdominal pain: Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
- Low blood pressure: Dizziness and lightheadedness, especially when standing up.
- Skin darkening (hyperpigmentation): Patches of darkened skin.
- Salt cravings: A strong desire for salty foods.
- Mood changes: Depression, irritability.
In Summary
While you don't "feel" cortisol directly, changes in cortisol levels can lead to a range of symptoms. These symptoms are often non-specific and may indicate other underlying health issues. If you suspect you have abnormal cortisol levels, it's essential to consult with a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment. They can perform tests, such as blood, urine, or saliva tests, to measure your cortisol levels and determine the underlying cause of your symptoms.
