Estrogen and progesterone are the hormones most commonly associated with an increase in melasma.
Melasma, often referred to as the "mask of pregnancy," is a skin condition characterized by brown or gray-brown patches, primarily on the face. While the exact cause isn't fully understood, hormonal fluctuations play a significant role.
Here's a breakdown:
- Estrogen and Progesterone: These hormones are directly linked to increased melanin production. Melanin is the pigment responsible for skin color. Higher levels of these hormones, such as during pregnancy, while using hormonal birth control, or undergoing hormone replacement therapy, can trigger or worsen melasma.
- Pregnancy: The surge of estrogen and progesterone during pregnancy is a well-known trigger for melasma.
- Hormonal Birth Control: Pills, patches, and other forms of birth control containing estrogen and/or progesterone can also induce melasma.
- Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Similar to birth control, HRT can increase hormone levels and contribute to melasma development.
Beyond hormones, other factors contribute to melasma:
- Sun Exposure: Ultraviolet (UV) light stimulates melanocytes (melanin-producing cells), exacerbating melasma. Sun protection is crucial.
- Genetics: A family history of melasma increases your risk.
- Thyroid Disease: In some cases, thyroid disorders can be associated with melasma.
- Stress: While not a direct cause, stress can influence hormonal balance and potentially worsen skin conditions.
It is important to consult with a dermatologist for proper diagnosis and treatment of melasma.
