The hormone called the stress hormone is cortisol. It is produced by the adrenal glands, which sit on top of the kidneys. Cortisol is released in response to stress, and it helps the body cope with stressful situations. However, prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol can have negative effects on the body, including weight gain, sleep problems, and weakened immune system.
Cortisol plays a vital role in regulating many bodily functions, including:
- Blood sugar control: Cortisol helps to increase blood sugar levels by promoting the breakdown of glucose from glycogen stores in the liver.
- Blood pressure regulation: Cortisol can raise blood pressure by constricting blood vessels.
- Immune system function: Cortisol can suppress the immune system, which is why people who are under a lot of stress are more susceptible to illness.
- Inflammation: Cortisol has anti-inflammatory effects, which can help to protect the body from damage.
- Mood: Cortisol can affect mood and cognition.
It's important to note that while cortisol is often referred to as the "stress hormone," it is also essential for normal bodily function. However, prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol can have negative health consequences.
