The human body typically has 33 vertebrae.
Understanding the Vertebral Column
The vertebral column, also known as the spine, is a critical part of the human skeletal system. It's the defining feature of vertebrates, and in humans, it is comprised of 33 individual bones called vertebrae. These vertebrae provide support, protect the spinal cord, and allow for flexibility and movement.
Composition of the Vertebral Column
The 33 vertebrae are divided into five distinct regions:
- Cervical Vertebrae (7): Located in the neck, these support the head and allow for its movement.
- Thoracic Vertebrae (12): Situated in the chest area, these vertebrae articulate with the ribs.
- Lumbar Vertebrae (5): Found in the lower back, these vertebrae bear much of the body’s weight.
- Sacral Vertebrae (5): These are fused together to form the sacrum, a triangular bone at the base of the spine.
- Coccygeal Vertebrae (4): Also fused, these form the coccyx, or tailbone, at the very end of the spine.
The Role of the Vertebrae
Together, the vertebrae form the core of the axial skeletal system, providing structural support and protection for vital organs. Along with the skull, ribs, and sternum, the vertebrae play a crucial role in maintaining posture, movement, and overall body integrity.
| Vertebral Region | Number of Vertebrae | Key Function |
|---|---|---|
| Cervical | 7 | Supports head, allows neck movement |
| Thoracic | 12 | Articulates with ribs, supports chest |
| Lumbar | 5 | Bears body weight, supports lower back |
| Sacral | 5 (fused) | Forms the sacrum, connects to the pelvis |
| Coccygeal | 4 (fused) | Forms the coccyx (tailbone) |
