How Do We Use Oxygen?
We use oxygen for cellular respiration, the process that converts food into energy. This essential process fuels all our bodily functions, from growth and reproduction to simple movement.
Oxygen is crucial for life. As stated in the American Museum of Natural History's article on respiration and breathing (https://www.amnh.org/explore/ology/ology-cards/213-respiration-and-breathing), most living things need oxygen to survive. It plays a vital role in several key processes:
- Energy Production: Our cells use oxygen to break down food (glucose) during cellular respiration, releasing the energy needed for all bodily functions. This is highlighted in many sources, including the information provided that states, "Oxygen gives our cells the ability to break down food in order to get the energy we need to survive".
- Growth and Reproduction: Oxygen supports the growth and development of cells and tissues, essential for growth and reproduction.
- Maintaining Bodily Functions: Oxygen is necessary for the proper functioning of all organs and systems in the body.
Obtaining and Utilizing Oxygen
Humans obtain oxygen through the process of breathing:
- Inhalation: We breathe air into our lungs through our nose and mouth.
- Gas Exchange: Oxygen from the inhaled air diffuses into the bloodstream in the lungs.
- Circulation: The blood carries oxygen to all the cells in the body.
- Cellular Respiration: Cells utilize the oxygen for energy production.
- Exhalation: Carbon dioxide, a waste product of cellular respiration, is expelled from the body through exhalation.
Supplemental Oxygen
In certain medical conditions, individuals may require supplemental oxygen. The American Lung Association (https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-procedures-and-tests/oxygen-therapy/using-oxygen-at-home) provides guidelines on the home use of supplemental oxygen, including how to check supply, attach tubing, set flow rate, and properly use a cannula. This is necessary for those with lung diseases or breathing problems, as noted by the Cleveland Clinic (https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/23194-oxygen-therapy), to help their bodies function properly. Medicare even covers the rental of durable medical equipment (DME), including oxygen equipment (https://www.medicare.gov/coverage/oxygen-equipment-accessories).
Monitoring Oxygen Levels
Technology also allows us to monitor oxygen levels. Devices like pulse oximeters and smartwatches with blood oxygen monitoring capabilities, such as Apple Watch (https://support.apple.com/en-us/120358) and Fitbit devices (https://support.google.com/fitbit/answer/14226120?hl=en), provide quick and easy measurements of blood oxygen saturation (SpO2). This is especially useful during situations like a COVID-19 infection, as noted by the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (https://www.nyc.gov/assets/doh/downloads/pdf/covid/providers/covid-19-monitor-oxygen-patient-handout.pdf).
